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810s

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 810s decade ran from January 1, 810, to December 31, 819.

Events

810

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Religion
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811

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Byzantine Empire
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  • Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Emperor Nikephoros I organises a new campaign against the Bulgarian Empire, gathering an expeditionary force (most of the Roman army) from all parts of the empire. He is accompanied by high-ranking officials and aristocrats, including his son Stauracius and brother-in-law Michael I Rangabe[4] (both later emperors temporarily). Krum, ruler (khan) of Bulgaria, sends envoys to sue for peace. Nikephoros refuses to accept the terms and marches through the Balkan passes towards Pliska, the Bulgarian capital.
  • July 23 – Nikephoros I reaches Pliska, and destroys a Bulgarian army of 12,000 elite soldiers who guard the stronghold. Another hastily assembled relief force of 50,000 soldiers suffers a similar fate.[5] The Byzantines capture the defenseless capital. Nikephoros plunders the city and captures Krum's treasury.[6] He burns the countryside, slaughters sheep and pigs, as he pursues the retreating Bulgars southwest towards Serdica (modern-day Sofia).[7]
  • July 26Battle of Vărbitsa Pass: Nikephoros I is trapped (probably in the Vărbitsa Pass) and defeated by the Bulgars, who use the tactics of ambush and surprise night attacks to immobilize the Byzantine forces. Nikephoros himself is killed; Krum has the emperor's head carried back in triumph on a pole, where it is cleaned out, lined with silver and made into a jeweled skull cup, which he allows his Slavic princes (archons) to drink from with him.[8]
  • Stauracius is installed as emperor at Adrianople (the first time a Byzantine emperor is crowned outside Constantinople). Because of a sword wound near his neck (during the Battle of Pliska), Stauracius is paralyzed. The imperial court is split between the noble factions of his wife Theophano and his sister Prokopia.[9]
  • October 2 – Michael I is declared emperor of the Byzantine Empire; Stauracius is forced by senior officials to retire to a monastery.[10]
Europe
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Abbasid Caliphate
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812

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Britain
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Abbasid Caliphate
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China
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813

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Abbasid Caliphate
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The populace pays Allegiance to the new Abbasid caliph, al-Ma'mun in 813. (Tarikh-i Alfi 1593 CE)

By topic

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Religion
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814

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Japan
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Religion
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815

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Central America
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Europe
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Britain
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Asia
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By topic

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Religion
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816

By place

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Europe
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Britain
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Abbasid Caliphate
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By topic

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Religion
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817

By place

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Europe
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North Africa
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Religion
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818

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Britain
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Asia
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Religion
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  • Theodulf, bishop of Orléans, is deposed and imprisoned, after becoming involved in a conspiracy with Bernard of Italy.

819

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Europe
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Abbasid Caliphate
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Significant people

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Births

810

811

812

813

814

815

816

817

818

819

Deaths

810

811

812

813

814

815

816

817

818

819

References

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  1. ^ Notker the Stammerer, De Carolo Magno, Book II, Chapter 13.
  2. ^ Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique (in French). Paris: Seuil. pp. 443, 86. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
  3. ^ Coe 1967, 1988, p. 76.
  4. ^ Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 148.
  5. ^ Anonymus Vaticanus, pp. 148-149.
  6. ^ Anastasius Bibliothecarius. Chronographia tripertita, p. 329.
  7. ^ Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 150.
  8. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
  9. ^ Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 429. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
  10. ^ Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 429. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
  11. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
  12. ^ Benvenuti, Gino (1985). Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia. Rome: Newton & Compton Editori. p. 13. ISBN 88-8289-529-7.
  13. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
  14. ^ Runciman, pp. 64–65[permanent dead link].
  15. ^ Fishbein (1992), pp. 197–202.
  16. ^ Owen Gingerich (1986). "Islamic Astronomy". Scientific American. 254 (4): 74–83. Bibcode:1986SciAm.254d..74G. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0486-74. JSTOR 24975932.
  17. ^ Nadeau, Jean-Benoît and Barlow, Julie, The Story of French (Alfred A. Knopf 2006), p. 25.
  18. ^ John V.A. Fine, Jr. (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, p. 99. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.
  19. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 106. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
  20. ^ Swanton, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, pp. 58–59.
  21. ^ Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 513–514. ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
  22. ^ Salvador Miranda (1998). The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Pope Stefano IV (815–817).
  23. ^ "Ireland's History in Maps (800 AD)". Dennis Walsh. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved on 26 July 2017.
  24. ^ Sánchez Albornoz, Claudio; Claudio Sánchez Albornoz. Problems del Reino de Navarra del siglo IX. p. 16.
  25. ^ Islam and Europe Timeline (355–1291 AD).
  26. ^ Wickham, p. 154. In 818 according to the Annales Beneventani.
  27. ^ Dr. Kathryn Tsai. A Timeline of Eastern Church History. Divine Ascent Press, Point Reyes Station, CA, 2004, p. 153.
  28. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
  29. ^ Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 40. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.
  30. ^ Rogers, Barbara, Bernhard W. Scholz, and Nithardus. Carolingian Chronicles, Royal Frankish Annals Nithard's Histories. Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan, 1972. Print.
  31. ^ Talbot, Alice-Mary Maffry (1996). "Life of St. Theodora of Thessalonike". Holy Women of Byzantium: Ten Saints' Lives in English Translation. Dumbarton Oaks. pp. 159–160. ISBN 978-0-88402-248-0. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  32. ^ Scarcia Amoretti, B. (1971). "Ibn Ṭabāṭabā". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 950–951. OCLC 495469525.
  33. ^ Gibb, H. A. R. (1960). "Abu 'l-Sarāyā al-Sarī b. Manṣūr al-S̲h̲aybānī". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 149–150. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_0249. OCLC 495469456.
  34. ^ Whitney, James Pounder; Gwatkin, Henry Melvill (1922). The Cambridge Medieval History: Maps III. Germany and the Western Empire. 3. Plantagenet Publishing. p. 23.