From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of ruling political parties by country , in the form of a table with a link to an overview of political parties in each country and showing which party system is dominant in each country. A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. Individual parties are properly listed in separate articles under each nation.
The ruling party in a parliamentary system is the political party or coalition of the majority in parliament . It generally forms the central government .
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Afghanistan
One-party [ a]
Taliban No parliamentary opposition
None; see 2021 takeover
Abkhazia
Multi-party
Independents , Amtsakhara Aitaira
2022 (parliament)
Åland
Multi-party
Centre , Moderate Coalition , ObS , Sustainable Initiative Liberals , Social Democrats , Future of Åland , Ålandic Democracy [ 3]
2019 (legislative)
Albania
Multi-party
Socialist Party of Albania , PSD PD – Alliance for Change (PD, PR , PDIU , PAA , PLL , LZHK , PBDNJ ), PL
2021 (parliament)
Alderney
Non-partisan
Independents No parliamentary opposition
2022 (general)
Algeria
Multi-party
National Liberation Front , RND , Future Front , El-Bina MSP , LP , FBG , FDJ , EFED , PLJ , Jil Jadid , FAN , El Karama , FNA , FFS
2021 (legislative) 2019 (presidential)
Andorra
Multi-party
Democrats for Andorra , Committed Citizens , Action for Andorra Concord , Social Democratic Party –Progressives , Andorra Forward
2023 (parliament)
Angola
Dominant-party
People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola UNITA , PRS , FNLA , PHA
2022 (general)
Anguilla
Two-party
Anguilla Progressive Movement Anguilla United Front
2020 (general)
Dominant-party
Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party United Progressive Party , Barbuda People's Movement
2023 (general)
Argentina
Multi-party
Frente de Todos (PJ , FR , Federal Commitment ) , SER , MPN JxC (PRO , UCR ) , Federal Peronists (CF , VcV , PDC , PS , 3P ) , FIT-U (PO , PTS ) , AL -LA
2023 (general) 2021 (legislative)
Armenia
Multi-party
Civil Contract , United Labour Party HD (ARF , Reborn Armenia , One Armenia ) , I Have Honor Alliance (RPA , Homeland )
2021 (parliament)
Aruba
Multi-party
People's Electoral Movement , RAIZ AVP , Aruban Sovereignty Movement , RED , Accion 21
2021 (general)
Ascension
Non-partisan
Independents No parliamentary opposition
2022 (general)
Australia
Multi-party
Labor Party Coalition (LP , NP ) (opposition) , Greens , Centre Alliance , KAP , One Nation , JLN
2022 (federal)
Austria
Multi-party
Austrian People's Party , The Greens Social Democratic Party , Freedom Party , NEOS
2019 (legislative)
Azerbaijan
Dominant-party
New Azerbaijan Party , VHP , ADMP , VBP , AVP , BQP , Unity Party , MCP DİP , REAL , BACXP
2024 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Bahamas
Two-party
Progressive Liberal Party Free National Movement
2021 (general)
Bahrain
Dominant-party
Pro-monarchy independents , Al Rabitah , Gathering of National Unity Progressive Democratic Tribune
2022 (general)
Bangladesh
Dominant-party
Bangladesh Awami League,Bangladesh CTS League
2024 (general)
Barbados
Two-party
Barbados Labour Party Democratic Labour Party
2022 (general)
Belarus
Dominant-party
Belaya Rus , Independents , Communist Party , RPTS LDPB [ b]
2019 (parliament)
Belgium
Multi-party
PS , MR , Ecolo , CD&V , Open Vld , Groen , Vooruit N-VA , Vlaams Belang , PTB/PVDA , Les Engagés , DéFI
2019 (general)
Flanders
Multi-party
N-VA , CD&V , Open Vld Vooruit , Groen , Vlaams Belang , PTB/PVDA
2019 (parliament)
Wallonia
Multi-party
PS , MR , Ecolo PTB/PVDA , Les Engagés
2019 (parliament)
Brussels
Multi-party
PS , Ecolo , DéFI , Groen , Open Vld , Vooruit MR , PTB/PVDA , LE , DierAnimal , N-VA , VB , CD&V , Agora
2019 (parliament)
Belize
Two-party
People's United Party United Democratic Party
2020 (general)
Benin
Multi-party
Progressive Union for Renewal , Republican Bloc The Democrats
2021 (presidential) 2023 (parliament)
Bermuda
Two-party
Progressive Labour Party One Bermuda Alliance
2020 (general)
Bhutan
Two-party
People's Democratic Party Bhutan Tendrel Party
2023–24 (legislative)
Bolivia
Multi-party
Movement for Socialism Civic Community (FRI ), Creemos (PDC , UCS )
2020 (general)
Bonaire
Multi-party
Bonaire People's Movement Bonaire Democratic Party , Bonaire Patriotic Union
2019 (general)
Multi-party
SNSD , HDZ BiH , NiP , SDP BiH , DNS , NS , ZNG , DEMOS , US , BHI KF SDA , DF -Civic Alliance , SDS , PDP , NES , ZPR
2022 (general)
Botswana
Dominant-party
Botswana Democratic Party UDC (opposition) , Botswana Patriotic Front , Alliance for Progressives
2019 (general)
Brazil
Multi-party
FE Brasil (PT , PCdoB , PV ), PSB , PDT , PSOL REDE Fdr. (PSOL , REDE ), Avante , Solidariedade PL , PSDB , NOVO
2022 (general)
Brunei
One-party
Independents No parliamentary opposition
No elections
Bulgaria
Multi-party
GERB–SDS , PP–DB Revival , DPS , BSP for Bulgaria , ITN
2021 (general) 2023 (legislative)
Military junta
MPSR (civilian government suspended)
2022 coups d'état
Burundi
Dominant-party
National Council for the Defense of Democracy National Congress for Liberty , Union for National Progress
2020 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Cambodia
Dominant-party
Cambodian People's Party FUNCINPEC
2023 (parliament)
Cameroon
Dominant-party
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement UNDP , SDF , CPNR , Cameroon Democratic Union , FNSC , MDR , USM
2020 (parliament)
Canada
Multi-party
Liberal Party (minority) , New Democratic Party Conservative Party (main opposition) , Bloc Québécois , Green Party
2021 (federal)
Cape Verde
Multi-party
Movement for Democracy PAICV (president's party) , UCID
2021 (presidential) 2021 (parliament)
Cayman Islands
Two-party
Independents People's Progressive Movement
2021 (general)
Multi-party
United Hearts Movement Kwa Na Kwa , URCA , MLPC , MOUNI , RDC and others
2020-21 (general)
Chad
Military junta
National Transitional Council (no parliamentary opposition)
2021 coup d'état
Chile
Multi-party
AD (PC , CS , RD , Comunes , AH , FREVS ), SD (PS , PPD , PL , PR ) Chile Vamos (RN , UDI , Evópoli ), PLR , PSC , PDC , PDG , AxCh , Democrats
2021 (general)
China (PRC)
One-party
Chinese Communist Party , minor parties (JS , CAPD , CDL , CNDCA , CPWDP , RCCK , CZGP , TDSL )
2023 (congressional)
Hong Kong
Dominant-party
Pro-Beijing camp (DAB , FTU , BPA , NPP , LP , FEW , FLU , Roundtable , PP , KWND , NP , NCF ) Third Side , Pro-democracy camp
2021 (legislative) 2019 (local)
Macau
Dominant-party
Pro-Beijing camp (ACUM , UPD , UMG , UPP , ABL )Pro-democracy camp (NE ), Synergy Power
2021 (legislative)
Colombia
Multi-party
PHxC , PLC , AV , Colombia Reborn, ASI , Citizen Force, Commons CD , CR , LIGA , PVO , MIRA , PCC , PSUN , MSN , CJL
2022 (legislative) 2022 (presidential)
Comoros
Dominant-party
Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros Orange Party
2020 (legislative)
Congo
Dominant-party
Congolese Party of Labour , MAR , RDPS UPADS , UDH-Yuki , MAR , PRL , Club 2002 , DRD , RDPS , APC , MUST , MDC, CPR , URDP, RC , MCDDI
2021 (presidential) 2022 (parliament)
DR Congo
Multi-party
President: UDPS ; Parliament: Common Front for Congo Parliamentary opposition: Lamuka, Heading for Change
2018 (general) 2019 (senate)
Multi-party
Cook Islands Party , Pro-government independentsDemocratic Party , Cook Islands United Party , One Cook Islands Movement
2022 (general)
Costa Rica
Multi-party
Social Democratic Progress Party (minority) PLN , PUSC , PNR , PLP , Broad Front
2022 (general)
Croatia
Multi-party
Croatian Democratic Union , DP , HDS , HSLS , HNS-LD , HSU SDP , Most , We can! , SDSS , Centre –NPS , Glas –HSS –DO i SIP , HS –PiP , IDS-DDI , Focus
2024 (parliament)
Cuba
One-party
Communist Party of Cuba
2023 (parliament)
Curaçao
Multi-party
MFK , National People's Party PAR , Partido MAN , Kòrsou Esun Miho, Work for Curaçao
2021 (general)
Cyprus
Multi-party
Democratic Party , Democratic Alignment , EDEK Democratic Rally , AKEL , ELAM , KOSP
2023 (presidential) 2021 (legislative)
Multi-party
Spolu (ODS , KDU-ČSL , TOP 09 ), PaS (STAN , Pirates )ANO 2011 , Freedom and Direct Democracy
2021 (legislative) 2023 (presidential)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Denmark
Multi-party
Social Democrats , Venstre , Moderates , Union Party , JF , Siumut , IA Green Left , DD , Liberals , DKF , EL , RV , ALT , NB , DF
2022 (general)
Djibouti
Dominant-party
Union for the Presidential Majority (RPP , FRUD , PND , PSD , UPR )UDJ
2021 (presidential) 2023 (parliament)
Dominica
Dominant-party
Dominica Labour Party No parliamentary opposition , Team Unity Dominica , United Workers' Party
2022 (general)
Multi-party
PRM , FA , APD , DxC , PHD , BIS , PRSD , PQDC , PCR Dominican Liberation Party , FP , PRSC , PRD , ALPAÍS , PLR
2024 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
East Timor
Multi-party
National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction , Democratic Party FRETILIN , KHUNTO , People's Liberation Party
2023 (parliament) 2022 (presidential)
Ecuador
Multi-party
CREO , PSE , MC , MEU, Avanza, PSP , MDS, UE, MC25 , Pachakutik , ID Union for Hope (Citizen Revolution , CD ), Social Christian Party
2021 (general)
Egypt
Dominant-party
Independents, Nation's Future Party , RPP , New Wafd , HDP , MEP , SDP CDM (RDP , ESDP , Justice ) Tagammu , Conference , EFP , Al-Nour , EPM , EGP
2023 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
El Salvador
Multi-party
Nuevas Ideas , GANA , PCN , PDC ARENA , FMLN , Nuestro Tiempo , Vamos
2024 (presidential) 2024 (legislative)
Equatorial Guinea
Dominant-party
Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea No parliamentary opposition , Convergence for Social Democracy
2022 (general)
Eritrea
One-party
People's Front for Democracy and Justice
Elections postponed
Estonia
Multi-party
Reform Party , Estonia 200 , Social Democratic Party Conservative People's Party , Centre Party , Isamaa
2023 (parliament)
Eswatini
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2018 (general)
Ethiopia
Dominant-party
Prosperity Party NaMA , EZEMA , Gedeo People's Democratic Organization
2021 (general)
European Union
Multi-party
EPP , PES , ALDE ECR , ID , EGP , EFA , PEL , EDP , ECPM
2019 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Falkland Islands
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2021 (general)
Faroe Islands
Multi-party
Social Democratic Party , Republic , Progress Union Party , People's Party , Centre Party
2022 (general)
Fiji
Multi-party
People's Alliance , National Federation Party , SODELPA FijiFirst
2022 (general)
Finland
Multi-party
National Coalition , Finns Party , Christian Democrats , Swedish People's Party SDP , Centre Party , The Greens , Left Alliance , Movement Now
2023 (parliament) 2024 (presidential)
France
Multi-party
RE , MoDem , HOR , MR (minority) RN (main opposition), LFI , LR , PS , EELV , PCF , DLF , REC
2022 (presidential) 2022 (legislative)
French Guiana
Multi-party
DVG , Péyi Guyane, La France Insoumise , MDES , Socialist Party DVC , Guiana Rally , The Republicans
2021 (regional)
French Polynesia
Multi-party
Tāvini Huiraʻatira Tapura Huiraatira , A here ia Porinetia , ʻĀmuitahiraʻa
2023 (legislative)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other Parties
Last election
Gabon
Military junta
CTRI (civilian government suspended)
2023 coup d'état
Gambia
Multi-party
National People's Party , National Reconciliation Party , APRC United Democratic Party , PDOIS
2021 (presidential) 2022 (parliament)
Georgia
Multi-party
Georgian Dream , People's Power Strength Is in Unity (UNM , PdT ), For Georgia , Girchi , ES , Strategy Builder , Lelo , Citizens , SRP , KdS , SK , EDP
2020 (parliament)
Germany
Multi-party
Social Democratic Party , A90/Greens , Free Democratic Party Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU/CSU ), AfD , The Left
2021 (federal)
Ghana
Two-party
New Patriotic Party National Democratic Congress
2020 (general)
Gibraltar
Multi-party
GSLP–Liberal Alliance (GSLP , LPG )Gibraltar Social Democrats , Together Gibraltar
2023 (general)
Greece
Multi-party
New Democracy Syriza , PASOK-KINAL (PASOK , KIDISO ), KKE , Greek Solution , Spartans , Victory , Course of Freedom
2023 (legislative)
Greenland
Multi-party
Inuit Ataqatigiit , Naleraq , Atassut Siumut , Democrats
2021 (general)
Grenada
Two-party
National Democratic Congress New National Party
2022 (general)
Guadeloupe
Multi-party
GUSR , DVC Plural Left
2021 (regional)
Guatemala
Multi-party
Semilla , Winaq -URNG Vamos , UNE , Cabal , ViVa , Valor , VOS , Todos , PPN , BIEN , Victoria , PA , CE , CREO , Cambio
2023 (general)
Guernsey
Multi-party
Independents Future Guernsey , Guernsey Party
2020 (general)
Guinea
Military junta
CNRD (civilian government suspended)
2021 coup d'état
Guinea-Bissau
Multi-party
PAI–Terra Ranka (PAIGC and others), PRS , PTG Madem G15 (president's party) , Assembly of the People United
2019 (presidential) 2023 (legislative)
Guyana
Multi-party
People's Progressive Party People's National Congress (APNU , AFC ) (official opposition) , LJP –ANUG –TNM
2020 (legislative)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Haiti
Multi-party
Non-partisan acting government Parliament dissolved ; PHTK , Inite , Haiti in Action , OPL , RDNP , FL , Renmen , PPD , UNCRH , PFSDH
2016–17 (senate) 2016 (presidential)
Honduras
Multi-party
Libre , Savior Party of Honduras , PINU , Christian Democratic Party National Party , Liberal Party , Anti-Corruption Party
2021 (general)
Hungary
Dominant-party
Fidesz–KDNP (Fidesz , KDNP ), LdU United for Hungary (DK , Momentum , MSZP , Jobbik , Dialogue , LMP , MMM ), MHM
2022 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Iceland
Multi-party
Independence Party , Progressive Party , Left-Green Movement Samfylkingin , People's Party , Pirate Party , Liberal Reform Party , Centre Party
2021 (parliament) 2020 (presidential)
India
Multi-party
NDA (BJP , TDP , JDU , JSP , SHS , RJLP , AD(S) , AJSU , NDPP , NPP , NPF , MNF , SKM , JD(S) , AGP ) INDIA (INC , DMK , AITC , AAP , CPI(M) , SS(UBT) , NCP (SP) , RJD , JKNC , IUML , JMM , SP , CPI , RSP , VCK , KC(M) ) Others (YSRCP , BJD , BSP , BRS , SAD , AIMIM , AIUDF , RLP , AIADMK )
2024 (general)
Indonesia
Multi-party
KIM (PDI-P , Golkar , Gerindra , NasDem , PKB , PAN , PPP , Demokrat )PKS
2024 (general)
Iran
Dominant-party [ c]
Principlists (SHANA , Stability Front , Jusice Seekers )Reformists (MDP , ECP ), independents
2021 (presidential) 2020 (legislative)
Iraq
Multi-party
Takadum , State of Law , PDK , Fatah , PUK , Azem , Victory Alliance , Babylon Movement Emtidad , Naway Nwe , Tasmim , National Contract , Ishraq Kanoon , NPI , MDR , others
2021 (parliament)
Kurdistan
Multi-party
Kurdistan Democratic Party , Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Gorran , Naway Nwe , Kurdistan Justice Group , Yekgirtû
2018 (parliament)
Ireland
Multi-party
Fianna Fáil , Fine Gael , Green Party Sinn Féin , Labour Party , Social Democrats , PBP–S , Aontú , Right to Change
2020 (general)
Isle of Man
Multi-party
Independents Labour Party , Liberal Vannin Party
2021 (general)
Israel
Multi-party
Likud , National Unity (Resilience , New Hope ) , Shas , UTJ , Mafdal , Otzma , Noam Yesh Atid , Yisrael Beiteinu , Ra'am , Hadash , Labor , Ta'al
2022 (legislative)
Italy
Multi-party
Brothers of Italy , League , Forza Italia , Us Moderates , MAIE PD–IDP (PD , Art. 1 , DemoS , CD ), MS5 , A–IV , AVS , +E , SVP , UV
2022 (general)
Ivory Coast
Dominant-party
Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RDR )PDCI-RDA , Together for Democracy and Sovereignty , UDPCI , FPI
2021 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Jamaica
Two-party
Jamaica Labour Party People's National Party
2020 (general)
Japan
Dominant-party
Liberal Democratic Party , Komeito Constitutional Democratic Party , Ishin , DPP , Communist Party , Reiwa , SDP , Sanseitō , NHK Party
2021 (general) 2022 (Sangiin)
Jersey
Multi-party [ d]
Independents Reform Jersey , Jersey Liberal Conservatives , Progress Party
2022 (general)
Jordan
Dominant-party [ e]
Pro-monarchy independents , Jordanian United Front Party, National Loyalty PartyIslamic Action Front , Islamic Centre Party
2020 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Kazakhstan
Dominant-party
Amanat Auyl , Respublica , Aq Jol , People's Party , JSDP
2022 (presidential) 2023 (legislative)
Kenya
Multi-party
Kenya Kwanza (UDA , ANC , UDM , FORD–K , PAA , MCC , UPIA , TSP , CCK , DP , MDG , GDDP , NAP , NOPEU ) Azimio (ODM , Jubilee , WDM-K , DAP-K , KANU , KUP , UPA , UDP )
2022 (general)
Kiribati
Two-party
Tobwaan Kiribati Party Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party
2020 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
Korea (DPRK)
One-party
Workers' Party of Korea , other minor parties (KSDP , Chondoist Chongu Party )
2019 (parliament)
Korea (ROK)
Multi-party
People Power Party Democratic Party , Justice Party , Basic Income Party , Transition Korea
2022 (presidential) 2020 (legislative)
Kuwait
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2024 (general)
Kyrgyzstan
Multi-party
Mekenchil , Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan , Ishenim , Yntymak Eldik , Alliance , United Kyrgyzstan , Light of Faith , SDK , Afghans' Party
2021 (presidential) 2021 (parliament)
Kosovo
Multi-party
LVV , Guxo , KDTP , NDS , IRDK , Vakat , LPRK , SDU , PAI PDK , LDK , Serb List , AAK , JGP , RI
2021 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Laos
One-party
Lao People's Revolutionary Party
2021 (parliament)
Latvia
Multi-party
New Unity (Unity ), United List (LRA , LZP , LP ), NA ZZS (LZS , LSDSP , LuV ), For Stability! , The Progressives , LPV
2022 (parliament)
Lebanon
Multi-party
Acting gov't: FPM , Amal , Hezbollah , PSP , Marada , ARF , Al-Ahbash , Ba'ath , UP , JI LF , Kataeb , Taqaddom , Al Haraka , Tahalof Watani , ReLebanon , Khatt Ahmar , Lana , Osos , NDP , PNO
2022 (general)
Lesotho
Multi-party
Revolution for Prosperity , Alliance of Democrats , MEC DC , ABC , BAP , LCD , SR , BNP , PFD , BCM , MPS , NIP , HOPE
2022 (general)
Liberia
Two-party
Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC , NPP )UP (main opposition) , LP , ANC , PUP , ALP , MEE , MDR , LTP , UPP , VCP , LPP , LINU
2023 (general)
Libya
Non-partisan
Government of National Unity , Government of National Stability Independents
2014 (parliament)
Liechtenstein
Multi-party
Patriotic Union , Progressive Citizens' Party Free List , Democrats for Liechtenstein
2021 (general)
Lithuania
Multi-party
Homeland Union , Liberal Movement , Freedom Party LVŽS , DSVL , LSDP , DP , LLRA–KŠS , LRP , NA , LKDP
2020 (parliament) 2019 (presidential)
Luxembourg
Multi-party
CSV , Democratic Party LSAP , ADR ,The Greens , Pirate Party , The Left
2023 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Madagascar
Multi-party
Young Malagasies Determined , Freedom , ADN Tiako I Madagasikara , independents, RPSD-Vaovao , MTS , GJPS , MDM , MATITA , Malagasy Miara Miainga
2023 (presidential) 2019 (parliament)
Malawi
Multi-party
Malawi Congress Party , UTM , independentsDPP , UDF , People's Party , Alliance for Democracy
2020 (presidential)
Malaysia
Multi-party
PH (PKR , DAP , Amanah , UPKO ) , BN (UMNO , MCA , MIC , PBRS ) , GPS (PBB , PRS , PDP , SUPP ) , GRS (PBS , STAR ) , Warisan , KDM , PBM PN (PAS , BERSATU , GERAKAN ) , MUDA
2022 (general)
Maldives
Multi-party
Progressive Congress Coalition (PPM , PNC )MDP , AP , JP , MDA , MTD , MRM , MNP , TD
2023 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
Mali
Military junta
Malian Armed Forces (civilian government suspended)
2021 coup d'état
Malta
Two-party
Labour Party Nationalist Party
2022 (general)
Two-party
Independents (Aelon̄ Kein Ad , United Democratic Party )
2023 (general)
Mauritania
Multi-party
Equity Party , UDP , Trust (Islah , Karama , HATEM , Vadila , PMM ) , Justice (AND , NW ) , HIWAR Tewassoul , Hope Mauritania , Sawab —RAG , AJD/MR , State of Justice
2019 (presidential) 2023 (parliament)
Mauritius
Multi-party
MSM , ML , OPR , MAG , Plateforme Militante MMM , PMSD , Labour Party
2019 (general)
Mayotte
Multi-party
The Republicans , NÉMA , DVD MDM , Renaissance , DVC
2021 (legislative)
Mexico
Multi-party
Morena , Green Party , Labor Party PAN , PRI , Citizens' Movement , PRD
2024 (general) 2021 (legislative)
Micronesia
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2023 (parliament)
Moldova
Multi-party
Party of Action and Solidarity Bloc of Communists and Socialists (PSRM , PCRM ), ȘOR bloc (de facto), Revival , MAN
2021 (parliament)
Monaco
Multi-party
UNM (Priorité Monaco , Horizon Monaco , Union Monégasque )No parliamentary opposition ; New Ideas for Monaco
2023 (parliament)
Mongolia
Multi-party
Mongolian People's Party Democratic Party , Right Person Electorate Coalition
2021 (presidential) 2020 (legislative)
Montenegro
Multi-party
PES! , DCG , SNP , Civis , ASh , FORCA , ZBCG (NSD , DNP ), UCG Together! (DPS , SD , UDSh ), BS , URA , HGI
2023 (legislative)
Montserrat
Two-party
Movement for Change and Prosperity People's Democratic Movement
2019 (general)
Morocco
Multi-party
National Rally of Independents , Istiqlal Party , Authenticity and Modernity Party USFP , Popular Movement , PPS , Constitutional Union , PJD , MDS , FFD , AFG , PSU
2021 (general)
Mozambique
Dominant-party
FRELIMO Party RENAMO , Democratic Movement
2019 (general)
Myanmar
Military junta
State Administration Council (civilian government suspended)
2021 coup d'état
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Namibia
Dominant-party
SWAPO Party of Namibia PDM , LPM , NUDO , APP , UDF , Republican Party , NEFF , IPC , RDP , CDV , SWANU
2019 (general)
Nauru
Multi-party
Independents, Nauru First Opposition independents
2022 (parliament) 2022 (presidential)
Nepal
Multi-party
NC , CPN (UML) , PSP , LSP-N , NUP Socialist Front (CPN (MC) , CPN (US) ), PSP-N , Janamat , RJM
2022 (general)
Netherlands
Multi-party
PVV, VVD , NSC , BBB PvdA , GL , D66 , CDA , SP , PvdD , FvD , SGP , DENK , CU , Volt , JA21
2023 (general)
Multi-party
Caledonian Union , FLNKS , L'EO , UNI , LKS , Labour Party Future with Confidence , Caledonia Together , Generations NC
2019 (legislative)
New Zealand
Multi-party
National Party , ACT New Zealand , New Zealand First Labour Party (official opposition) , Greens , Te Pāti Māori
2023 (general)
Nicaragua
Dominant-party
Sandinista National Liberation Front , YATAMA Constitutionalist Liberal Party , ALN , PLI , APRE , CCN
2021 (general)
Niger
Military junta
CSNP (civilian government suspended)
2023 coup d'état
Nigeria
Multi-party
All Progressives Congress Peoples Democratic Party (official opposition) , YPP , APGA , ADC , PRP
2023 (general)
Niue
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2020 (general)
Multi-party
We Can (SDSM , NSDP , VMRO–NP , TDP , PDT , POPGM , SSM ), DUI , AA , LDP , DPA , DOM Renewal (VMRO-DPMNE , SPM , DPSM , GROM , ROM ), Alternativa , Levica , Besa , DS
2019 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
Multi-party
National Unity Party , Democratic Party , Rebirth Party Republican Turkish Party , People's Party
2022 (parliament)
Norway
Multi-party
Labour Party , Centre Party Conservative Party , FrP , SV , Liberal Party , Red Party , KrF , Green Party , Patient Focus
2021 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Pakistan
Multi-party
PML-N , PPP , MQM-P SIC , PML-Q , JUI-F , NP , PkMAP , BNP , BAP , IPP
2024 (general)
Palau
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2020 (general)
Palestine
Multi-party
PLO (Fatah , PFLP , DFLP , PPP ), National Initiative , Third Way Hamas (de facto control of the Gaza Strip )
2006 (legislative)
Panama
Multi-party
Democratic Revolutionary Party , MOLIRENA Democratic Change , Panameñista Party
2019 (general)
Multi-party
Pangu , URP , NA , People's , SDP , PFP , PNGP , ULP , Advance , National , AP , Green , Liberal , MAP , NGP , ODP , PLP , PMC , PPP , PRP , Destiny , THE People's National Congress Party
2022 (general)
Paraguay
Multi-party
Colorado Party PLRA , Guasú Front , PPQ , PDP , UNACE , GANAR , Hagamos Party , PEN , MCN
2023 (general)
Peru
Multi-party
Non-partisan government ; FP , AP , RP , AvP , APP , PDSP Free Peru , Magisterial Bloc , Bicentennial Peru , PD , JP , PP
2021 (general) 2022 crisis
Philippines
Multi-party
UniTeam (PFP , Lakas ) , Nacionalista , NPC , LDP , PDP–Laban , UNA , PMP , NUP , othersTRoPa (Liberal Party , Akbayan ), PDSP , Makabayan , PDR , Aksyon , others
2022 (general)
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2021 (general)
Poland
Multi-party
KO (PO , .N , IPL , PZ , T!DPL , AU ), TD (KP , PL2050 ), The Left (NL ) , The Left (Razem )United Right (PiS , SP , Republicans , OdNowa RP ), Kukiz'15 , Confederation (NN , RN , KKP )
2020 (presidential) 2023 (parliament)
Portugal
Multi-party
AD – Democratic Alliance (Social Democratic Party , CDS – People's Party )Socialist Party , Chega , IL , PCP , Left Bloc , LIVRE , PAN
2024 (parliament) 2021 (presidential)
Puerto Rico
Two-party
Popular Democratic Party New Progressive Party (governor's party) , MVC , PIP , PD
2020 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Romania
Multi-party
National Coalition for Romania (PSD , PNL ), Ethnic minority parties USR , AUR , UDMR/RMDSZ , FD , REPER , AD , NR , ROASIT
2019 (presidential) 2020 (legislative)
Russia
Dominant-party
United Russia , LDPR , A Just Russia – For Truth , Rodina , Civic Platform Communist Party , New People , Party of Growth
2018 (presidential) 2021 (legislative)
Rwanda
Dominant-party
Rwandan Patriotic Front Social Democratic Party , PS-Imberakuri , PL , Democratic Greens
2017 (presidential) 2018 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Saint Helena
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2021 (general)
Multi-party
Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party Concerned Citizens' Movement , People's Labour Party , People's Action Movement
2022 (general)
Saint Lucia
Two-party
Saint Lucia Labour Party United Workers Party
2021 (general)
Two-party
Archipelago Tomorrow (LR ) Together for the Future (PRG )
2022 (legislative)
Two-party
Unity Labour Party New Democratic Party
2020 (general)
Samoa
Two-party
Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi , Samoa National Democratic Party Human Rights Protection Party
2021 (general)
San Marino
Multi-party
Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party , RETE Movement , DML , NplR Libera , Future Republic
2019 (general)
Multi-party
Independent Democratic Action MLSTP/PSD , MCI/PS -PUN , Basta
2021 (presidential) 2022 (legislative)
Saudi Arabia
One-party
Council of Ministers (no parliamentary opposition)
No elections
Senegal
Dominant-party
United in Hope (APR , AFP , PS ) , Bokk Gis Gis Liberate the People (PASTEF , PUR , TS ), Wallu Sénégal (PDS ), MPR , AAR
2024 (presidential) 2022 (legislative)
Serbia
Dominant-party
AV–ZMS (SNS , PSS , SNP , PS , SPO , NSS ), SPS –ZS , SDPS , PUPS , SPP –DSHV –USS , JS , VMSZ PE (SSP , PSG , PZP , Sloga , Fatherland ), NADA (NDSS , POKS ), DS , Narodna , NPS –EU –NLS , SSZ , Dveri , Together , ZLF
2023 (legislative) 2022 (general)
Seychelles
Two-party
Linyon Demokratik Seselwa (Seychelles National Party , Seychellois Alliance , SPSJD , SUP )United Seychelles
2020 (general)
Sierra Leone
Two-party
Sierra Leone People's Party All People's Congress
2023 (general)
Singapore
Dominant-party
People's Action Party Workers' Party , Progress Singapore Party
2020 (general)
Sint Maarten
Multi-party
National Alliance , United People's Party USP , Party for Progress , UD
2020 (general)
Slovakia
Multi-party
Smer–SD , Hlas–SD , Slovak National Party Progressive Slovakia , OĽaNO and Friends , KDH , SASKA
2023 (parliament)
Slovenia
Multi-party
Freedom Movement , Social Democrats , The Left Slovenian Democratic Party , New Slovenia
2022 (parliament)
Multi-party
Independents , Kadere Party , Democratic Alliance Party , People's Alliance Party Democratic Party , United Democratic Party , United Party , People First Party , SIPRA
2019 (general)
Somalia
Multi-party
Independents , Forum for National Parties (UPD (president's party) )Tayo
2022 (presidential)
Somaliland
Multi-party
Waddani , Justice and Welfare Party Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party (president's party)
2017 (presidential) 2021 (parliamentary)
South Africa
Dominant-party
African National Congress DA (official opposition) , EFF , IFP , FF+ , ACDP , UDM , ATM , Good , NFP , AIC , COPE
2019 (general)
South Ossetia
Dominant-party
Independents, Nykhaz (president's party) United Ossetia , People's Party , Unity of the People , Communist Party
2019 (parliament)
South Sudan
Dominant-party
Sudan People's Liberation Movement SPLM-in-Opposition , South Sudan Opposition Alliance
2010 (general)
Spain
Multi-party
PSOE , Sumar (SMR, IU , Podemos , CatComú , MM , Compromís , CHA , Més ) , ERC , EH Bildu , EAJ/PNV , Junts , BNG , CCa People's Party , Vox , UPN
2023 (general)
Sri Lanka
Multi-party
SLPFA (Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna , EPDP , MEP , TMVP ), UNP Samagi Jana Balawegaya , Sri Lanka Freedom Party , ULS , TNA , NPP , TNPF , TPNA
2022 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
Sudan
Military junta
Transitional Sovereignty Council (no parliamentary opposition)
Transition to democracy
Suriname
Multi-party
VHP , ABOP , National Party of Suriname , Pertjajah Luhur National Democratic Party , Brotherhood and Unity in Politics
2020 (general)
Sweden
Multi-party
Moderate Party , Christian Democrats , Liberals , Sweden Democrats Social Democratic Party , Left Party , Centre Party , Green Party
2022 (general)
Switzerland
Multi-party
Swiss People's Party , Social Democrats , FDP.The Liberals , The Centre Green Party , Green Liberals , Evangelical Party , Federal Democrats , Ticino League , MCG
Syria
Dominant-party
NPF (Ba'ath , SSNP , SUP , SCP–B , ASU , SCP–U , NCP , ADU , DSUP )No parliamentary opposition ; Syrian opposition
2020 (parliament) 2021 (presidential)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Taiwan (Republic of China) [ f]
Multi-party
Democratic Progressive Party Kuomintang , Taiwan People's Party
2024 (presidential) 2024 (legislative)
Tajikistan
Dominant-party
People's Democratic Party , Agrarian Party , Communist Party Party of Economic Reforms , Democratic Party , Socialist Party
2020 (presidential) 2020 (parliament)
Tanzania
Dominant-party
Chama Cha Mapinduzi Chadema , Civic United Front , Alliance for Change and Transparency
2020 (general)
Zanzibar
Dominant-party
Chama Cha Mapinduzi Alliance for Democratic Change , AFP , TADEA
2020 (general)
Thailand
Multi-party
PTP , BJT , PPRP , UTN , Chart Thai Pattana , Prachachat , PTRP , Chart Pattana Kla , TLP , PSMP , Thai Counties , Move Forward , Democrat , Thai Sang Thai , Fair , NDP , New Party , TTP
2023 (general)
Tigray Region
Dominant-party
Tigray People's Liberation Front National Congress of Great Tigray , TIP , SAWET , ADP
2020 (parliament)
Togo
Dominant-party
Union for the Republic Union of Forces for Change , NET , MPDD , PDP , MRC
2020 (presidential) 2018 (parliament)
Tokelau
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2020 (general)
Tonga
Two-party
Independents, Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands , Tongan nobles Independents, Tonga People's Party
2021 (general)
Transnistria
Dominant-party
Obnovlenie No parliamentary opposition ; Transnistrian Communist Party
2021 (presidential) 2020 (legislative)
Two-party
People's National Movement United National Congress
2020 (general)
Tobago
Two-party
Progressive Democratic Patriots Tobago Council of the People's National Movement
2021 (legislative)
Tunisia
Multi-party
Non-partisan government ; 25th of July Movement People's Movement
2019 (president) 2022–23 (parliament)
Turkey
Multi-party
Justice and Development Party , Nationalist Movement Party , HÜDA PAR CHP , DEM Parti , İYİ Parti , DEVA , Saadet , YRP , DP , TİP , DBP , EMEP , DSP
2023 (president) 2023 (parliament)
Turkmenistan
Dominant-party
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan , Agrarian Party , TSTP No parliamentary opposition
2023 (parliament) 2022 (presidential)
Two-party
Progressive National Party People's Democratic Movement
2021 (general)
Tuvalu
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2024 (general)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Uganda
Dominant-party
National Resistance Movement NUP , FDC , Democratic Party , UPC , JEEMA , PPP
2021 (general)
Ukraine
Multi-party
Servant of the People , For the Future , Dovira YeS , Batkivshchyna , Holos , PZZhM , Restoration of Ukraine
2019 (president) 2019 (parliament)
Non-partisan
Independents (no political parties)
2019 (parliament)
United Kingdom
Multi-party
Labour Party Conservative Party (opposition) , Lib Dems , SNP , DUP , Sinn Féin , Plaid Cymru , SDLP , Alba , Greens , APNI , Workers , Reform
2024 (general)
Multi-party
Sinn Féin , DUP , Alliance , UUP SDLP , TUV , People Before Profit
2022 (parliament)
Scotland
Multi-party
Scottish National Party Conservatives , Labour , Scottish Greens , Liberal Democrats
2021 (parliament)
Wales
Multi-party
Labour Conservatives (official opposition) , Plaid Cymru , Lib Dems
2021 (parliament)
United States
Two-party
Democratic Party Republican Party (majority in U.S. House )
2020 (general) 2022 (legislative)
Uruguay
Multi-party
National Party , Colorado Party , CA , PI , Partido de la Gente Broad Front , PERI
2019 (general)
Uzbekistan
Multi-party
Liberal Democratic Party , Milliy Tiklanish Justice Social Democratic Party , XDP , O'EP
2021 (presidential) 2019-20 (parliament)
Country
Party system
Ruling party or coalition Other parties
Last election
Vanuatu
Multi-party
UMP , RMC , LPV , GJP , NUP , PPP , VNDP , Laverwo Vanua'aku Pati , RDP , Iauko Group , Nagriamel , PUDP , VPDP , UCM , NCM
2022 (general)
Vatican City
Non-partisan
Independents (no parliamentary opposition)
2013 (papal conclave)
Venezuela
Dominant-party
GPPSB (PSUV , PPT , Tupamaro , MSV , PODEMOS , APC , MEP , ORA , UPP )Democratic Alliance (AD , AP , El Cambio , PV , Copei ), APR (PCV )
2020 (parliament) 2018 (presidential)
Vietnam
One-party
Communist Party of Vietnam , Fatherland Front
2021 (parliament)
Multi-party
Virgin Islands Party NDP , Progressive Virgin Islands Movement, Progressives United
2019 (general)
Multi-party
Democratic Party Republican Party , Independent Citizens Movement
2022 (gubernatorial)
^ All political parties are banned as "un-Islamic". The Taliban is the only legal political force in the current regime.[ 1] [ 2]
^ The Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus asserts that it is an opposition party, but supports the presidency of Alexander Lukashenko nonetheless.
^ Iran's parties must adhere to a religious system of governance .
^ Independent politicians dominate Jersey's political system.
^ Independent pro-monarchy politicians dominate Jordan's political system.
^ See also Political status of Taiwan and One China
^ Competing factions of the General People's Congress are in charge of different parts of the country in the course of the ongoing civil war . In North Yemen, the Houthi movement -aligned faction loyal to party founder Ali Abdullah Saleh only partially shares power with the movement.[ 4]