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391 BC

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Millennium: 1st millennium BC
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
391 BC in various calendars
Gregorian calendar391 BC
CCCXCI BC
Ab urbe condita363
Ancient Egypt eraXXIX dynasty, 8
- PharaohHakor, 3
Ancient Greek era97th Olympiad, year 2
Assyrian calendar4360
Balinese saka calendarN/A
Bengali calendar−983
Berber calendar560
Buddhist calendar154
Burmese calendar−1028
Byzantine calendar5118–5119
Chinese calendar己丑年 (Earth Ox)
2307 or 2100
    — to —
庚寅年 (Metal Tiger)
2308 or 2101
Coptic calendar−674 – −673
Discordian calendar776
Ethiopian calendar−398 – −397
Hebrew calendar3370–3371
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat−334 – −333
 - Shaka SamvatN/A
 - Kali Yuga2710–2711
Holocene calendar9610
Iranian calendar1012 BP – 1011 BP
Islamic calendar1043 BH – 1042 BH
Javanese calendarN/A
Julian calendarN/A
Korean calendar1943
Minguo calendar2302 before ROC
民前2302年
Nanakshahi calendar−1858
Thai solar calendar152–153
Tibetan calendar阴土牛年
(female Earth-Ox)
−264 or −645 or −1417
    — to —
阳金虎年
(male Iron-Tiger)
−263 or −644 or −1416

Year 391 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Flavus, Medullinus, Camerinus, Fusus, Mamercinus and Mamercinus (or, less frequently, year 363 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 391 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

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By place

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Persian Empire

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  • The Persian satrap, Struthas, pursues an anti-Spartan policy, prompting the Spartans to order Thibron, their governor, to the Greek cities of Ionia to attack him. Thibron successfully ravages Persian territory for a time, but is killed, along with a number of his men, when Struthas ambushes them.
  • Evagoras of Salamis and the Persians battle each other for control of Cyprus. Aided by the Athenians and the Egyptians, Evagoras extends his rule over the greater part of Cyprus and to several cities of Anatolia.[1]

Greece

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  • The Athenian general, Iphicrates, with a force composed almost entirely of light troops and peltasts (javelin throwers), wins a decisive victory against the Spartan regiment that has been stationed at Lechaeum in the Battle of Lechaeum. This is the first time that a force of light infantry defeats a unit of Greek hoplites.
  • Iphicrates also campaigns against Phlius and Arcadia, decisively defeating their armies and plundering the territory of the Arcadians when they refuse to engage his troops. After this victory, an Argive army marches to Corinth, and, seizing the Acrocorinth, effectively merges Argos and Corinth.

Sicily

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Roman Republic

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  • The Roman dictator Marcus Furius Camillus is accused of making an unfair distribution of the spoils of his victory at Veii. He goes into voluntary exile.
  • Quintus Fabius Ambustus and two other Fabii are sent as ambassadors by Rome to a wandering tribe of Celts (whom the Romans call Gauls), under Brennus, who are advancing down the Tiber while the Celtic army is besieging Clusium. After Quintus Fabius' group becomes involved in a skirmish with the Gauls and kill one of the Gauls' leaders, the offended Gauls demand that Rome surrender the Fabii members to them. The Romans refuse, so the Gauls advance on Rome.


Births

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ Ruzicka, Stephen (1983). "Clazomenae and Persian Foreign Policy, 387/6 B. C." Phoenix. 37 (2): 104–108. doi:10.2307/1087450. ISSN 0031-8299. JSTOR 1087450.
  2. ^ Binkley, Carol S. Lipson Roberta A. (February 1, 2012). Rhetoric before and beyond the Greeks. SUNY Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-7914-8503-3.